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Church building in Baltimore, Maryland

Church building in Maryland, United States

Mount Calvary Church, Baltimore
39°17′57″N 76°37′18″W  /  39.299185°N 76.621772°W  / 39.299185; -76.621772 Coordinates: 39°17′57″North 76°37′18″W  /  39.299185°Due north 76.621772°West  / 39.299185; -76.621772
Location	816 Northward Eutaw St, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201
Country	United States
Denomination	Roman Catholic
Previous denomination	Episcopal Church building
Churchmanship	Anglican Use
Website	www.mountcalvary.com
History
Condition	Parish church building
Relics held	Bone fragment of Saint Edward the Confessor
Architecture
Functional status	Active
Builder(s)	Robert Cary Long, Jr. T. Buckler Ghequier
Architectural type	Gothic
Groundbreaking	September 10, 1844; 177 years agone  (1844-09-10)
Completed	February 19, 1846; 176 years ago  (1846-02-nineteen)
Administration
Diocese	Personal Ordinariate of the Chair of Saint Peter
Clergy
Bishop(south)	Steven J. Lopes
Priest(s)	Fr. Albert Scharbach

Mountain Calvary Church is a Roman Catholic parish located in the Seton Hill neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland. The church building was founded in 1842 equally a mission congregation within the Episcopal Church building and is now a community within the Personal Ordinariate of the Chair of Saint Peter of the Catholic Church.

Architecture [edit]

The edifice was designed by the architect Robert Cary Long Jr. in 1844 and the cornerstone was laid on Tuesday September 10 of that year, at which time Bishop William Rollinson Whittingham wrote: "I cannot dubiousness that its beautiful edifice, when finished in the autumn, will exist fully occupied by as regular and devout worshipers equally now fill the picayune upper room, where prayer is wont to be daily made through so large a portion of the year."^[1] The church was consecrated by Bishop Whittingham on Th February 19, 1846.^[2] In 1885, Long's nephew T. Buckler Ghequier added the chancel.^[3] The twelve-pes-high main altar of white Vermont marble was designed past American artist John LaFarge.^[4] The altar area is set out with encaustic tile from Mintons, and the drinking glass in the Gothic windows contains a depiction of the Adept Shepherd produced by Tiffany & Co. The rood was carved past the Swedish sculptor Thorsten Sigstedt, who as well designed the church's Marian shrine, and was dedicated on December fifteen, 1940, and the chantry of Christ the Male monarch was designed by E. Donald Robb, who worked for the architecture company of Ralph Adams Cram. A reliquary in the primary church houses a bone fragment of Saint Edward the Confessor. The bell, which dates to the nineteenth century, was cast past the McShane Bell Foundry. The spire of the church collapsed in March of 1914, during a blizzard.

The church features an Andover^[v]-Flentrop organ of C. B. Fisk Inc.,^[6] an innovative organ^[vii] of 1961 that is included in the listing of celebrated organs of the Organ Historical Social club.^[eight] A onetime organist at Mount Calvary was the composer Caryl Florio (born William James Robjohn).^[9]

Bishop Whittingham wrote that "at that place are larger, more than costly, and more first-class churches in Baltimore, just there is none in my judgement so well adjusted to make the worshipper feel he must 'keep his foot' for he is in the firm of God."^[x]

Liturgy [edit]

Mount Calvary was founded shortly after the publication in England of the Tracts for the Times, when the Oxford Movement neared its height. Information technology began equally a High Church building mission parish of St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Baltimore, Maryland) established by the Reverend William Wyatt, and until the current edifice was available services were held in a room above a bacon store on the corner of Howard and Mulberry Streets.^[11] Under a series of pastors, the parish became more in line with Anglo-Catholicism, which emphasized the Catholic heritage of the Episcopal Church rather than its Protestant roots, and this caused friction betwixt a number of pastors and their bishops. In 1868, during the rectorship of Alfred Allen Paul Curtis, Mountain Calvary became the first Episcopal Church in the country to offer daily Eucharist.^[12]

Bishop William Rollinson Whittingham of the Episcopal Diocese of Maryland – and erstwhile rector of Mount Calvary – criticized Father Joseph Richey (elsewhere described as "a man of a lovely spirit, holy, cocky-sacrificing, full of labors")^[13] for the use of altar lights, wafer staff of life, elevating the Host, making the sign of the cross, carrying a cross in procession, and praying for the dead.^[14] A Lath of Inquiry spoke of its "unanimous and emphatic condemnation of the declared teachings of Rev. Messrs. William Perry and Joseph Richey."^[fourteen] In 1879, 11 local Episcopalian ministers published a pamphlet^[15] objecting to a mission held at Mountain Calvary, led by Father Basil W. Maturin SSJE,^[sixteen] that had advocated confession, the Existent Presence of Christ in the Eucharist, and the Mass as a sacrifice.^[17] A twelvemonth later, the Rev. Calbraith Perry and the Mountain Calvary vestry nominated ii candidates, one for holy orders and the other a deacon to receive priesthood, but both were objected to past the Standing Committee of the Diocese, who stated that the testimonials from the Rev. Perry and the vestry – declaring that the candidates had not taught or believed anything contrary to Church teaching – were not sufficient. William Pinkney (bishop), a depression church Anglican, declined to appoint the Standing Committee on this matter.^[18]

The New York Times reported, "The advanced ritualism adept in the services has on various occasions led to spicy discussions betwixt the Standing Committee and the Rectors of Mountain Calvary." The aforementioned commodity reported that 1 of the parish clergymen, Begetter Calbraith Perry, was admonished and instructed "to cease using incense and non to wear a cope."^[19] In 1894, Mount Calvary was "practically excommunicated" when Bishop William Paret – whose "stinging philippic fell from the lips" – refused to visit the church to administrate the sacraments, for the church – over the bishop's objections – had installed confessionals and continued to use incense.^[20] All the same, Richard Meux Benson, co-founder of the Lodge of St. John the Evangelist, chose to spend Lent in Baltimore in 1895 and lectured on Thursday evenings at Mount Calvary^[21] and would visit once again, speaking on Palm Sunday on March 29, 1896,^[22] and preaching at the parish on Low Sunday, April 17, 1898.^[23]

Corpus Christi Procession at Mount Calvary

The historic traditional ritual at Mount Calvary made use of the 1662 Book of Common Prayer and the English Missal. Since being received into the Roman Catholic Church in 2012, every bit a community within the Personal Ordinariate of the Chair of Saint Peter, Mass is celebrated ad orientem and follows the liturgical agenda of the Ordinariate; the feast of title is Holy Cross Twenty-four hours. and Solemn Evensong is historic once a month, which incorporates Eucharistic adoration and Anglican dirge.

Solemn processions occur several times throughout the year, virtually notably on the feast of Corpus Christi. At such times, a thirty-pound silvery processional cross is used (see photo). The cross was a gift to Mount Calvary from Mary Coale Redwood, whose son George was the showtime Baltimore officer to be killed in the Starting time World War. It was crafted by the Warham Lodge and features Christus Triumphans, as well as scenes from the life of Christ and the symbols of the four evangelists.

Ministry [edit]

1 of the early parishioners was Robert Eastward. Lee, who "attended Mountain Calvary Episcopal Church building regularly"^[24] when working on Fort Carroll in 1849 and living at 908 Madison Avenue. Baltimore was a city sharply divided during the American Civil War. The pastor of Mountain Calvary Alfred Allen Paul Curtis (who later converted to Catholicism and became the second bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Wilmington) wrote that the Union victories were "steps and stages towards eventual ruin" and that they were "matters of humiliation and not of thanksgiving." Episcopalian Bishop Whittingham reacted by ceasing to be a pew holder at Mount Calvary, saying that he did not wish to exist "associated with a body so treasonably ungrateful for Divine Mercy shown in the deliverance of the State from armed rebels and thieves."^[25] In spite of the early support of its rector for the Confederacy, Mountain Calvary would go known for its outreach to the African-American customs. The vestry voted "there should be no racial lines in the free seats of Mountain Calvary Church,"^[26] making it the first Episcopal church in Maryland to integrate. The parish "made an enviable name for itself past the remarkable piece of work done past its clergy among the poor of the city"^[27] and was "renowned for its charitable work."^[28] Much of this reputation was due to the work of the curate Father Calbraith Bourn Perry, bang-up-nephew of Oliver Hazard Perry, whose experiences formed the ground for his volume Twelve Years Among the Colored People, a Record of the Work of Mount Calvary Chapel of Southward. Mary the Virgin, Baltimore.^[29] Perry was also the author of A Petition in Behalf of the Colored People ^[30] In 1900, it was proclaimed that Mountain Calvary was "the head centre of very wholesome educational and social work in Baltimore and deserves amend and wider appreciation."^[31]

The parish founded and served three girl churches for Baltimore's African-American community. Two of these churches, Saint Mary the Virgin,^[32] founded in 1873, and Saint Katherine of Alexandria,^[33] founded in 1891, became independent parishes. By 1881, Saint Mary the Virgin had become the largest African-American Episcopalian parish in the country^[34] and "became the church of Baltimore'southward aristocrats of color."^[35] The chapel featured a sculpture commissioned by the congregation of Mount Calvary, the Adoration of the Magi past African-American artist Edmonia Lewis. In 1872, Mother Harriet Brownlow Byron, co-founder (with the Rev. William Upton Richards) and superior of the All Saints Sisters of the Poor in England, sent Sisters Helen, Serena, and Winifred to Baltimore^[36] to institute a customs and "to practice Mission work in Mount Calvary parish."^[37] In 1987, the sisters and the parish jointly founded a hospice adjacent to Mount Calvary, the Joseph Richey Business firm,^[38] named after the one-time pastor who, in 2004, was added to the agenda of Lesser Feasts and Fasts of the Episcopal Diocese of Maryland, with a feast day of September 23.^[39] Dr. Bob's Place,^[xl] the children's hospice, was opened by Joseph Richey House in June 2011.

Rectors [edit]

• 1841–1842 The Rev. Matthias 50. Forbes,^[41] a native of Kingston, Ontario, who died in 1883, anile 71^[42]
• 1842–1844 The Rev. John W. Hoffman^[41]
• 1844–1853 The Rev. Alfred A. Miller
• 1853–1854 The Rt. Rev. William Rollinson Whittingham, bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Maryland
• 1854–1858 The Rev. Cornelius E. Swope^[43] was 1 of the start two students to graduate from St. James School, Maryland
• 1858–1861 The Rev. Dr. Thomas Richey, older blood brother of Joseph Richey, he became the second president of Bard College
• 1861–1862 The Rev. Christopher B. Wyatt DD, who in 1869 received an honorary doctorate in divinity from the Higher of William and Mary
• 1862–1872 The Rev. Alfred Allen Paul Curtis, futurity bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Wilmington
• 1872–1877 The Rev. Joseph Richey, younger brother of Thomas Richey.
• 1878–1908 The Rev. Robert H. Paine, at whose Mass to mark 25th anniversary of ordination to the priesthood, James Huntington presided.
• 1908–1948 The Rev. William Adams McClenthen DD
• 1948–1958 The Rev. Henry N. Botts
• 1958–1966 The Rev. MacAllister Due south. Ellis
  • Donald L. Garfield curate
• 1966–1994 The Rev. Rudolph 50. Ranieri Jr.
• 1994–2000 The Rev. William H. Ilgenfritz, SSC Club of the Holy Cross, serves currently every bit bishop of the Missionary Diocese of All Saints for the Anglican Church building in Due north America
• 2001–2006 The Rev. John Due west. Klein SSC
• 2006–2012 The Rev. Jason Catania.

Following reception into the Roman Catholic Church, the title of rector was dispensed with and replaced by that of priest administrator. These have been:

• 2012–2014 The Rev. Jason Catania
• 2014–present The Rev. Albert Scharbach

Recent developments [edit]

In 2009, Pope Benedict Xvi promulgated the churchly constitution Anglicanorum Coetibus ^[44] which enabled Anglican and Episcopal parishes to come into full communion with the Roman Cosmic church. Mount Calvary voted in 2010 to split from the Episcopal Church building and to seek to become a community within the ordinariate. Mountain Calvary became the first congregation to be received into the Personal Ordinariate of the Chair of St. Peter by its ordinary, Msgr. Jeffrey N. Steenson, on Jan 22, 2012.^[45] Mount Calvary was officially elevated to the status of a parish past bishop Steven J. Lopes on Nov 6, 2016, on which date he also consecrated the chantry, placing within it some relics of Saint John of the Cross.

References [edit]

1. ^ Journal of the 57th Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church of Maryland. (Baltimore: H. Colburn bookseller, Jos. Robinson printer, 1845) page 34.
2. ^ Journal of the 58th Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church of Maryland. (Baltimore: H. Colburn bookseller, Jos. Robinson printer, 1846) folio 47.
3. ^ "T. Buckler Ghequier | Baltimore Architecture Foundation". baltimorearchitecture.org. Retrieved April v, 2014.
4. ^ Lois Zanow, Sally Johnston, and Denny Lynch Monuments to Heaven: Baltimore'due south Celebrated Houses of Worship (AuthorHouse, 2010), page 70.
5. ^ "Andover Organ Visitor, Inc. :: New Pipe Organs and Piping Organ Restoration, Rebuilding, Tuning and Maintenance :: Welcome :: Pipe Organ Company". andoverorgan.com. Retrieved April 5, 2014.
6. ^ "Opus 35 | C. B. Fisk, Inc". cbfisk.com. Retrieved Apr five, 2014.
7. ^ John Hamilton, "An Emerging US Organ-Building Movement--I", The Musical Times Vol. 125 No. 1696, June 1984, p. 347
8. ^ "Organ Historical Club". organsociety.org. Retrieved April five, 2014.
9. ^ Charles Newell Boyd (ed.) "Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Volume half dozen" (Philadelphia: Theodore Presser Company, 1922) p. 206
10. ^ William Whittingham, Journal of the Fifty-Eighth Annual Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in Maryland (Baltimore: H. Colburn, 1846) folio 47.
11. ^ Henry Elliot Shepherd A History of Baltimore, Maryland from its Founding every bit a Town to the Electric current Year (Baltimore: Due south.B. Nelson, 1893) p. 321
12. ^ The Church Standard Apr 20, 1901, page 901.
13. ^ William Francis Brand "Life of William Rollinson Whittingham, Fourth Bishop of Maryland, Volume ii (New York: E. & J.B. Immature and Co., 1883) page 212
14. ^ ^{a b} New York Times, August three, 1875, page ane.
15. ^ A. Thou. Randolph, J.F. Hoff, J.East. Grammer, W.F. Watkins, A.P. Stryker, Campell Off-white, W.One thousand. Matriarch, Perrigrine Wroth, Charles J. Holt, Oliver Landreth, and Edward L. Kemp A Protestation by Some of the Clergy of Baltimore and Vicinity, Against Certain Romish Doctrines and Practices: Every bit Taught and Enjoined in Mission Services Recently Held in Mt. Calvary Church building, Baltimore (Baltimore, 1879)
16. ^ Washington Post, May 28, 1879, folio ane.
17. ^ Frank Leslie'south Sunday Mag Volume 28, page 315, 1888.
18. ^ Orlando Hutton Life of the Right Reverend William Pinkney, Fifth Bishop of Maryland (Washington DC: Gibson Bros, 1890). pages 289-299.
19. ^ New York Times, Feb 21, 1887, page 1.
20. ^ New York Times, May 31, 1894, page five.
21. ^ The Churchman, March 16, 1895, page 384
22. ^ 'The Churchman, April xviii, 1896 page 538
23. ^ The Churchman, April 23, 1898, folio 612
24. ^ Emory M. Thomas, Robert East. Lee: A Biography (New York: Due west.Due west. Norton & Co., 1997) page 148.
25. ^ Letter of Bishop Whittingham to Rev. Curtis, July 18, 1863, Whittingham Papers, Peabody Plant, Baltimore.
26. ^ Calbraith Bourn Perry.The Perrys of Rhode Island (Tobias A. Wright:, New York, 1913) p. 104.
27. ^ George Demille, The Catholic Movement in the American Episcopal Church (Philadelphia: Church Historical Society, 1941).
28. ^ New York Times, June 24, 1885, folio 3.
29. ^ Calbraith B. Perry Twelve Years Amidst the Colored People: A Record of the Piece of work of Mount Calvary Chapel of S. Mary the Virgin, Baltimore (James Pott & Co.: New York, 1884)
30. ^ Perry, Calbraith B., Petition in Behalf of the Colored People (Washington DC: southward.due north., 1886).
31. ^ Thomas Sewell Adams et al. Studies in Country Taxation with item reference to the Southern States (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1900)
32. ^ "Our History | The Episcopal Church of Saint Mary the Virgin". stmaryswalbrook.org. Retrieved April 5, 2014.
33. ^ "Welcome". Archived from the original on February eleven, 2013. Retrieved Apr 5, 2014.
34. ^ J. Thomas Scharf, History of Baltimore City and County folio 52.
35. ^ Willard B. Gatewood Aristocrats of Color: The Black Elite, 1880–1920 (Bloomington: Indian University Press, 1991) p. 287
36. ^ Susan Mumm (ed.) All Saints Sisters of the Poor: An Anglican Sisterhood in the Nineteenth Century (Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell, 2001) page 63.
37. ^ "Living Church Quarterly," 1896, p. 124
38. ^ "Joseph Richey Hospice | Our neighbors need is our opportunity to serve". josephricheyhospice.org. Archived from the original on April seven, 2014. Retrieved April v, 2014.
39. ^ "Archived re-create". Archived from the original on April 13, 2013. Retrieved November 25, 2013. {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as championship (link)
40. ^ "Dr. Bob'southward Place". drbobsplace.org. Retrieved Apr 5, 2014.
41. ^ ^{a b} The Periodical of a Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in Maryland (Baltimore: Jos. Robinson, 1841) page 37
42. ^ Frank Leslies Sunday Mag, Volume thirteen, p. 446 (1883)
43. ^ "Cornelius E. Swope: Priest and Doctor, by Morgan Dix". anglicanhistory.org. Retrieved April 5, 2014.
44. ^ "Apostolic Constitution Anglicanorum coetibus providing for Personal Ordinariates for Anglicans Inbound into Full Communion with the Catholic Church". vatican.va. Retrieved Apr five, 2014.
45. ^ "The Catholic Review > Faith > Former Episcopalian Mountain Calvary parishioners received into Catholic Church building". catholicreview.org. Retrieved April 5, 2014.

External links [edit]

• Official website

humphreybete1967.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Calvary_Church

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